You can do in the following way, though this is not exact query as you need to specify the date values instead of month values
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SELECT p_partition_name, A.sc_key, A.greige_colr, SUM (CASE WHEN TO_CHAR (ADD_MONTHS (gc_buy_mnth, -1), 'MM/DD/YYYY') = TO_CHAR (A.mnth, 'MM/DD/YYYY') THEN NVL (A.fcst_qty, 0) ELSE 0 END ) AS po_mnth_1 FROM DUAL